艺术果酱｜不羁顽童毕加索
Pablo Picasso (1881-1973), born in Málaga, Spain, is considered one of the most creative and influential artists in contemporary Western art. As a co-founder of the Cubist movement, Picasso and his works occupy an eternal place in the history of world art.
巴勃罗·毕加索（Pablo Picasso，1881年～1973年）出生在西班牙马拉加（Malaga），是当代西方最有创造性和影响最深远的艺术家之一，立体画派创始人，毕加索和他的画在世界艺术史上占据了不朽的地位。
The picador
Picasso once said, “If all the roads I have traveled were marked on a map and connected with a line, they might resemble a Minotaur.” The bulls and minotaurs found in Picasso’s works reveal aspects of himself and his creative journey. A pioneering figure in art movements, Picasso and his creations hold an enduring position in the history of world art.
毕加索曾说，“如果我走过的所有道路都标记在一张地图上，并连接成线，那么看上去可能会像一只弥诺陶洛斯。”从公牛、斗牛士到弥诺陶洛斯，毕加索笔下的这些与牛相关的形象揭示了他自身，讲述了他的创作。画派创始人，毕加索和他的画在世界艺术史上占据了不朽的地位。
Guernica
The bull featured in Guernica witnesses the horrors that unfold below; some perceive it as a symbol of provoked masculine strength. Others argue that the bull, emblematic of Spain, represents the suffering and uncertainty that the Spanish Civil War imposed on the nation’s values. However, Picasso himself refused to entertain speculation about the bull and accompanying horse figures, declaring, “They are animals. Slaughtered animals. That’s all I had in mind.”
《格列尼卡》中的那头公牛其实是他自己见证着下方的诸多恐怖暴行；也有一些人认为，这是一种被激发出来的男性力量；还有一些人指出，公牛是西班牙的标志，代表了西班牙内战给人带来的痛苦和困惑，以及西班牙人被战乱所扭曲而飘忽不定的价值体系。对于毕加索自己而言，他拒绝回应对于画中的牛以及与之相伴的马的形象的猜测，并声称，“这些就是动物。被屠杀的动物。这就是我所想到的。”
*《L’Homme aux cartes》*
Picasso was a relentless explorer of changing artistic techniques, incorporating elements of Impressionism, Post-Impressionism, and Expressionism into his distinct style. His genius lies in maintaining a strong and coarse personality amidst various evolving styles while achieving internal unity and harmony through diverse techniques. Picasso’s works, spanning ceramics, prints, and sculptures, seem akin to playful childhood experiments.
巴勃罗·毕加索是个不断变化艺术手法的探求者，印象派、后印象派、野兽派的艺术手法都被他汲取改选为自己的风格。毕加索的才能在于，他的各种变异风格中，都保持自己粗犷刚劲的个性，而且在各种手法的使用中，都能达到内部的统一与和谐。毕加索有过登峰造极的境界，他的作品不论是陶瓷、版画、雕刻都如童稚般的游戏。
Crying Woman
The 20th century belonged to Picasso. Arriving in Paris, then the global art capital, at the turn of this transformative century, Picasso embarked on his lifelong, extraordinary artistic journey. In the 20th century, no other artist’s style proved as versatile and well-known as Picasso’s.
20世纪正是属于毕加索的世纪。毕加索在这个多变的世纪之始从西班牙来到当时的世界艺术之都巴黎，开始他一生辉煌艺术的发现之旅。在20世纪，没有一位艺术家能像毕加索一样，画风多变而人尽皆知。
Portrait of Dora Maar
As with most of his mid-career and late works, these paintings represent his life memories.
这些画跟他年代中期和晚期的大部分作品一样，表现了他的生活记忆。
The yellow shirt – Dora Maar
“Monsters” and “Deformations” are integral to Picasso’s artistic creation. In the process of becoming monstrous, things merge, change each other, combine, and grow apart. Becoming monstrous, particularly the self-deformation that intrigued Picasso, has multiple meanings. The Minotaur is the perfect embodiment of this dualistic monster and becomes Picasso’s symbol of himself.
“怪兽”与“变形”是毕加索艺术创作中重要的一部分。在成为怪物的过程中，事物互相结合，彼此改变，既合二为一，又此消彼长。变成怪物，尤其是毕加索热衷的那种自我变形，具有多义性，而弥诺陶洛斯是这种模棱两可的怪物的完美典范，它成为了毕加索的自我。
Dream
In the painting, there is only one girl, with plump arms, leaning her head against the red back of a chair. Behind the deep red-printed curtains on the left, a green-based, black-striped background is revealed. The bottom edge of the green background goes right across the girl’s nose. Her lifted left shoulder brings her pale yellow hair to her back. The scene is clear and concise. From her closed eyes, one can infer that she is indeed asleep and dreaming. Dreams are invisible to others. No matter how we wonder what she dreamed about, all we can see is the tranquility and simplicity of the image.
画中人只有一个少女，胳膊很胖，她侧头靠在红色的椅背上，深红色的印花窗帘后，左边露出一截绿底的黑条纹背景。绿色背景的底杆正好横过少女的鼻梁。耸起的左肩膀将浅黄色头发让到背后。画面清晰明快。从少女闭着的眼睛上可以看出，她的确是睡着了在做梦。梦是旁人看不见的。不管我们怎样想知道她梦见了什么。我们能看到的只是画面的安详和简洁。
Dream
The renowned Chilean poet, Neruda, called this hopeful dove the “Peace Dove,” officially establishing pigeons as a symbol of peace. Neruda said: “Picasso’s peace doves spread their wings and soar around the world, with no power able to stop them from flying.”
智利著名的诗人聂鲁达，把这只希望之鸽叫做《和平鸽》，从此，鸽子才正式被世人公认为和平的象征。聂鲁达说：毕加索的和平鸽展开翅膀，飞翔在世界各个地方，任何力量也不能使它们停止飞翔。
Still life with lamp
Picasso produced an estimated 60,000 to 80,000 works in total, spanning not only painting and sketching but also sculpting, ceramics, printmaking, and theatrical costume design. After Picasso’s death in 1973, major art galleries around the world have launched various retrospective exhibitions, with ongoing discussions about Picasso often featuring new arguments. It feels as if he is still alive and present.
毕加索完成的作品统计约多达六万到八万件，在绘画、素描之外，也包括雕刻、陶器、版画、舞台服装等造型表现。在毕加索1973年过世之后，世界各大美术馆不断推出有关他的各类不同性质的回顾展，有关毕加索的话题不断，而且常常带有新的论点，仿佛他还活在人间。
