艺术果酱 | 列奥纳多·达·芬奇
We have been planning this artist’s profile for quite some time, only starting to write after careful preparation. Why? The answer lies in today’s featured artist: Leonardo da Vinci (April 15, 1452 – May 2, 1519).
小编酝酿这篇艺术家分享久矣，真的是沐浴更衣后方才动笔。为什么呢？答案就在于今日分享的艺术家——列奥纳多·达·芬奇（1452年4月15日—1519年5月2日）。
（1452.4.15-1519.5.2）
Jack of All Trades
十项全能
When people mention da Vinci, they immediately think of his famous paintings, “Mona Lisa” and “The Last Supper.” However, his talents extended far beyond painting. He was also a sculptor, architect, musician, mathematician, engineer, inventor, anatomist, geologist, cartographer, botanist, and writer. It seems that even the title “Jack of all trades” isn’t enough to describe his genius.
一提及达·芬奇，人们即刻想到的便是他的著名画作《蒙娜丽莎的微笑》和《最后的晚餐》。然而他的身份很多，除了是画家，他还是雕刻家、建筑师、音乐家、数学家、工程师、发明家、解剖学家、地质学家、制图师、植物学家、作家……似乎给他一个“十项全能”的头衔都不足以完美地称赞他的才华。
Endless Curiosity
永无止境的好奇心
Leonardo was an illegitimate child, which prevented him from attending church school, freeing him from religious constraints. As a result, he developed an insatiable curiosity about everything around him. He called himself a “disciple of experiment,” a groundbreaking notion at the time. Leonardo would conduct experiments to satisfy and verify his curiosity. His 7,000 surviving manuscripts feel more like something from the future than the 15th century.
列奥纳多是个私生子，正因为是这个特殊的身份，他无法上教会学校，这才使得他不被宗教所束缚，正因为如此，他对身边所有的一切都是充满着好奇，而且他是“实验的信徒”，这个是达芬奇很早期的一个签名，这在当时是非常革新的，他会去自己去实验解答自己的好奇，并且验证。留下来的7000多份手稿，达芬奇的研究根本不像15世纪时候的出品，更像是来自未来！
Early Talents
展露天赋
Because of a change in his family, Leonardo da Vinci came to Florence at the age of 12, in 1464, where he stayed for 18 years. Da Vinci came to Florence when Lorenzo de Medici succeeded to the throne, and he was a favorite patron of artists. This was the time of the Italian Renaissance, and it was in Florence that the trio of masters such as Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, and Raphael grew up.
At the age of 14, Leonardo da Vinci studied under the tutelage of Vittorio, and at this time he had already shown his talent for painting. At the age of 20, he co-authored a painting with his master, “Tobias and the Angel”, and then the two of them co-authored a pair of very famous works, called “The Baptism of Christ”, in which the holy angel on the left side of the “Baptism of Christ” was painted by Leonardo da Vinci, as well as Christ’s legs and the water at his feet, which were painted by Leonardo da Vinci. was painted by Leonardo da Vinci. There are also scientific and artistic proofs that prove this.
The angel painted by Verrocchio looked at the angel painted by Leonardo da Vinci with great astonishment, and the meaning of the painting seems to be: How can you be painted so well? So after this painting, Verrocchio never painted again, that is, after Verrocchio looked at the same painting he and his disciple painted, completely disheartened, said I don’t need to paint again.
因为家庭的变故，12岁的达芬奇来到佛罗伦萨，这是1464年，他在佛罗伦萨一共待了18年。达芬奇来的时候正是洛伦佐美第奇继位的时候，他是最喜欢赞助艺术家的，这时候意大利文艺复兴出现了，像达芬奇，米开朗基罗，拉斐尔这样的三杰，正是在佛罗伦萨这片沃土成长起来的。
14岁的达芬奇拜师在委罗基奥门下，这时候的他已经展露出绘画天分，在20岁的时候，他与师傅合著了一幅画《托比亚斯与天使》，接下来他们俩又合著了一副很著名的作品叫作《基督受洗》，《基督受洗》当中，最左侧的那个圣洁的天使是达芬奇画的，以及基督的腿和他脚下的水，这部分是达芬奇画的。也是有科学和艺术的证明，能够证明这一点。这两个天使放在一块，大家拿眼睛一对比就能够看得出来。委罗基奥画那个天使非常惊诧地看着达芬奇画的天使，那个意思似乎就是在说：你怎么被画得这么好。所以从这幅画以后，委罗基奥再也没有画过画，就是委罗基奥看完了他和他徒弟画的同样一幅画以后，完全心灰意冷了，说我以后不用再画了。
The Court Artist
宫廷艺人
At the age of 30, Leonardo da Vinci was sent to Milan as a musician, and he was indeed a musician, inventing many musical instruments, and even writing in a cover letter to the Duke of Ludovico: “I am good at making all kinds of weapons, because he knew that these dukes liked to make weapons. I’m good at repairing castles, I’m good at building roads, I know about water facilities, I know about all sorts of things, and I can do a little bit of painting, and I’m no worse at painting than anyone else, you can trust me.” It is only at the end that he mentions that he also knows a little bit of painting, and we will see that painting is what he is best at.
During his time in Milan, he painted the famous “Vitruvian Man”, and as a court entertainer, he could play musical instruments and create grotesque paintings to entertain and amuse. He also began to study science and invention, studying birds because he wanted to study designs for banquets, studying flight, designing flying machines, building jackhammers and all kinds of large machines. Because he had to go and plan a lot of big shows all day long, he needed to study a lot of big machinery, including the jackhammer which was invented at that time.
在30岁的时候，达芬奇被派去米兰，作为音乐家的身份，他的确也是个音乐家，他发明了很多乐器，甚至在给卢多维科公爵写的求职信里，写道：“我善于制造各种各样的武器，因为他知道这些公爵们喜欢制造武器。我善于修城堡，我善于修路，我懂水利设施，我懂各种各样的东西，我也会画点画，而且我画画的技术不比任何人差，你相信我。”只是在末尾提及了自己也会一点绘画，而我们会发现他最擅长的便是绘画。
在米兰的这段时间，他画出了著名的《维特鲁威人》，作为宫廷艺人，他会乐器，更会创作怪诞画去迎合逗乐大家。他还开始研究科学和发明，因为要研究宴会上的设计，所以他去研究鸟类，研究飞行， 去设计飞行器，造出了千斤顶和各种大型机械。因为他整天都要去策划很多大型的演出，所以他需要研究大量的大型机械，包括千斤顶就是在那时候发明的。
Return to Florence
重回佛罗伦萨
In 1499, after the French invasion, Leonardo returned to Florence. During his eight-year stay, he began painting “Mona Lisa.” At the time, it was difficult to get him to complete a commission, and “Mona Lisa” was a portrait of the wife of a local silk merchant, not a noblewoman. The commission likely came through family connections, allowing Leonardo the freedom to paint without interference.
1499年法国人入侵后，达芬奇离开米兰返回佛罗伦萨，逗留8年间，他开始创作《蒙娜丽莎》。当时要请达芬奇画一幅画非常困难，很多公爵求了多年都画不到。而蒙娜丽莎是怎么来的呢，蒙娜丽莎是当地的一个丝绸供应商的妻子，这个丝绸供应商是给美第奇家族进行丝绸供应的一家人，也不是什么达官显贵。事后人们考虑这个问题，两个原因，第一个原因是这家丝绸供应商跟达芬奇的爸爸是世交，他们两家的关系很好，所以有可能因为他爸爸的关系。而且达芬奇不希望自己的创作被指点和被要求修改，这便是把他的自由创作发挥到了极致。
The Last Supper
最后的晚餐
In 1494, the Duke of Ludovico commissioned Leonardo da Vinci to paint the Last Supper, which took four years to complete, but the wait was not in vain, and the final work became one of the most compelling narrative paintings in history. It exemplifies Leonardo’s outstanding talent in every aspect, with an original composition that not only shows his mastery of the complex rules of natural and man-made perspective, but also illustrates his ability to be flexible and accommodating when necessary.
1494年，卢德维科公爵委托达芬奇画一幅画，正是著作《最后的晚餐》，历时4年，不过所有的等待都没有白费，最终作品成了历史上最引人入胜的叙事性的绘画。它体现出了列奥纳多方方面面的杰出才华，别出心裁的构图，不仅显示出他精通自然和人为透视的复杂规则，还说明了他在必要时也能灵活地通融。
A Life of Curiosity and Joy
达芬奇的一生都充满了好奇与欢喜
Leonardo lived like a child, full of curiosity and joy, always passionate about exploring the world. Some have called him the “most curious person in history.” Yet, he didn’t stop at being curious; he used his intelligence to explore, research, and discover the truths behind nature’s wonders. He sought to reveal a key theme in both art and science: that all things in nature are interconnected, governed by unified principles, and that the workings of the human body mirror the mechanisms of the Earth.
达芬奇像个孩子般生活，满怀好奇与快乐，永远对探索世界充满无限热情。有人称他为“史上好奇心最旺盛的人”。但他并没有止步于好奇，而是用自己的智慧去探索和钻研，努力揭示自然界的奥秘。他追求揭示艺术与科学探索的一个基本主题：自然万物彼此相连，遵循统一的规律，而人体与地球的运作机制可以互相类比。
Tree Art’s Philosophy
Tree Art 的价值观
Tree Art’s brand philosophy and teaching practice embody this sense of “curiosity,” woven throughout every detail of the child’s creative process.
Tree Art’s aesthetic inspiration and deliberate practice reflect this “focus,” integrated into the child’s judgment during self-reflection.
Tree Art’s varied experiences and creative thinking cultivate this “creativity,” guiding the child through exploration and contemplation of the future.
Tree Art的品牌理念与教学实践正是将这份“好奇心”贯穿于孩子创作过程的点滴之中;
Tree Art的美学启发与刻意练习正是将这份“专注力”贯穿于孩子自我思考的判断之中;
Tree Art的多样体味与创造思维正是将这份“创作力”贯穿于孩子探索未来的思索之中;
Perhaps one day, as we stroll down the streets of Florence, we will be reminded that “not all knowledge needs to be useful, for the pursuit of knowledge itself can color your life.”
或许有一天，当我们走在佛罗伦萨的小道上，会想起：“并非所有知识都必须有用，有时求知的过程本身就足以让你的人生丰富多彩。”
